Baiga tribe family in Balaghat district Madhya...
A Synthesis of a Six-State Qualitative Study

Vimala Ramachandran, Taramani Naorem

The findings of a qualitative study commissioned by the
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in six states – Andhra Pradesh,
Assam, Bihar, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
during 2011-12 to look at inclusion and exclusion in
schools may not be original. But they make it possible for
policymakers to officially acknowledge the prevalence of
exclusionary practices in schools and the urgent need to
address them.

One of the overarching insights from this
study is the need to view inclusion and exclusion from
different vantage points: from the outside (who goes to
what kind of school); from the inside (what happens
inside the school); and in society (who is visible and who
is not visible; for example, seasonal or new migrants are
often invisible in data on out-of-school children). Equally
significant is the influence of the larger society and social
norms on what happens inside a school, the attitude
and behaviour of teachers and the involvement or lack of
involvement of parents and community leaders. Political
and social assertion of the rights of dalits and adivasis
also influences practices and attitudes

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